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Turmeric

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About the product

·         Premium Quality and Potency: Wild Turmeric is a premium raw golden orange turmeric that's Non-GMO, NON-Irradiated.

·         Turmeric Root Powder has been used as a medicine and cooking spice throughout Asia for thousands of years. It is one of the most potent, anti-inflammatory foods on Earth.

·         Comes in a resealable food pouch so you can put in your own container or use right out of the bag. Use it liberally in your cooking for maximum flavor and nutrition. You can also add it to smoothies and shakes or to make the popular "Golden Milk" drink recipe.

·         Wild Turmeric is a 100% Raw Spice From India full of the powerful anti-inflammatory ingredient curcumin, which is known to reduce inflammation as well as improve digestion, joint health as well as just about every other marker of human health

 

Turmeric

 

Inflorescence  of Curcuma longa

 

Turmeric rhizome and powder

Scientific classification

Kingdom:

Plantae

Clade:

Angiosperms

Clade:

Monocots

Clade:

Commelinids

Order:

Zingiberales

Family:

Zingiberaceae

Genus:

Curcuma

Species:

C. longa

Binomial name

Curcuma longa
L. [1]

Synonyms

Curcurma domestica Valeton

Turmeric (Curcuma longa) ( /ˈtɜːrmərɪk/ ) [2]  is a  rhizomatous   herbaceous   perennial   flowering plant  of the  ginger  family,  Zingiberaceae . [3]  It is native to the  Indian subcontinent  and  Southeast Asia , and requires temperatures between 20 and 30 °C (68 and 86 °F) and a considerable amount of annual rainfall to thrive. Plants are gathered annually for their  rhizomes  and propagated from some of those rhizomes in the following season.

When not used fresh, the rhizomes are boiled in water for about 30–45 minutes and then dried in hot ovens, after which they are ground into a deep-orange-yellow powder [4]  commonly used as a  coloring  and flavoring agent in many Asian cuisines, especially for  curries , as well as for  dyeing . Turmeric powder has a warm, bitter, pepper-like flavor and earthy,  mustard -like aroma. [5] [6]

Although long used in  Ayurvedic  medicine, no high-quality  clinical evidence  exists for use of turmeric or its main constituent,  curcumin , as a therapy. [7] [8]

 

Botanical view of Curcuma longa

Contents

  [hide] 

·         1History and distribution

·         2Etymology

·         3Botanical description

o    3.1Appearance

o    3.2Inflorescence, flower, and fruit

·         4Phytochemistry

·         5Uses

o    5.1Traditional medicine

o    5.2Culinary

o    5.3Dye

o    5.4Indicator

o    5.5Traditional uses

·         6Adulteration

·         7Medical research

·         8See also

·         9References

·         10External links

History and distribution[ edit ]

Turmeric has been used in Asia for thousands of years and is a major part of Ayurveda,  Siddha medicine Unani , and  traditional Chinese medicine . [9]  It was first used as a  dye , and then later for its supposed properties in  folk medicine . [10]

Although the precise origin of turmeric is not known, it appears to have originated from  Southeast Asia , most probably from  Vietnam China , or  Western India . [1]  Not found in the wild, turmeric is cultivated in Southeast Asia,  Oceania , and some countries of western Africa. [1]  The world’s largest producer, consumer, and exporter of turmeric is India. [1]

Etymology[ edit ]

The origin of the name is uncertain. It possibly derives from  Middle English  or Early Modern English as turmeryte or tarmaret. It may be of  Latin  origin, terra merita ("meritorious earth"). [11] The name of the genus, Curcuma, is derived from the  Sanskrit  kuṅkuma, referring to both turmeric and  saffron , used in  India  since ancient times. [12]

Botanical description[ edit ]

Appearance[ edit ]

Turmeric is a  perennial   herbaceous  plant that reaches up to 1 m (3 ft 3 in) tall. Highly branched, yellow to orange, cylindrical, aromatic rhizomes are found. The leaves are  alternate  and arranged in two rows. They are divided into leaf sheath,  petiole , and leaf blade. [13]  From the leaf sheaths, a false stem is formed. The petiole is 50 to 115 cm (20–45 in) long. The simple leaf blades are usually 76 to 115 cm (30–45 in) long and rarely up to 230 cm (91 in). They have a width of 38 to 45 cm (15–18 in) and are oblong to elliptic, narrowing at the tip.

Inflorescence, flower, and fruit[ edit ]

 

Turmeric flower

 

Wild turmeric, Australia

At the top of the inflorescence, stem bracts are present on which no flowers occur; these are white to green and sometimes, tinged reddish-purple, and the upper ends are tapered. [14]

The  hermaphrodite  flowers are  zygomorphic  and threefold. The three 0.8 to 1.2 cm (0.3–0.5 in) long  sepals  are fused, white, have fluffy hairs and the three  calyx  teeth are unequal. The three bright-yellow  petals  are fused into a  corolla tube up to 3 cm (1.2 in) long. The three corolla lobes have a length of 1.0 to 1.5 cm (0.39–0.59 in) and are triangular with soft-spiny upper ends. While the average corolla lobe is larger than the two lateral, only the median  stamen  of the inner circle is fertile. The dust bag is spurred at its base. All other stamens are converted to  staminodes . The outer staminodes are shorter than the  labellum . The labellum is yellowish, with a yellow ribbon in its center and it is  obovate , with a length from 1.2 to 2.0 cm (0.47–0.79 in). Three  carpels  are under a constant, trilobed ovary adherent, which is sparsely hairy. The fruit capsule opens with three compartments. [15] [16] [17]

In  East Asia , the flowering time is usually in August. Terminally on the false stem is a 12 to 20 cm (4.7–7.9 in) long  inflorescence  stem containing many flowers. The  bracts  are light green and ovate to oblong with a blunt upper end with a length of 3 to 5 cm (1.2–2.0 in).

Phytochemistry[ edit ]

 

Curcumin  keto  form

 

Curcumin  enol  form

Turmeric powder is approximately 60–70%  carbohydrates , 6–13% water, 6–8%  protein , 5–10%  fat , 3–7%  dietary minerals , 3–7%  essential oils , 2–7%  dietary fiber , and 1–6%  curcuminoids . [7]

Phytochemical  components of turmeric include  diarylheptanoids , a class including numerous curcuminoids, such as  curcumin demethoxycurcumin , and  bisdemethoxycurcumin . [7]  Curcumin constitutes up to 3.14% of assayed commercial samples of turmeric powder (the average was 1.51%); curry powder contains much less (an average of 0.29%). [18]  Some 34 essential oils are present in turmeric, among which  turmerone germacrone atlantone , and  zingiberene  are major constituents. [19] [20] [21]

Uses[ edit ]

Traditional medicine[ edit ]

Turmeric grows wild in the forests of South and Southeast Asia where it is collected for use in  Indian   traditional medicine  (also called  Siddha  or  Ayurveda ). [7]  From  clinical research , there is no high-quality evidence that turmeric has medicinal properties. [7]

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